Buy Hindi 78 Rpm Records BEST
Any flat disc record, made between about 1898 and the late 1950s and playing at a speed around 78 revolutions per minute is called a "78" by collectors. The materials of which discs were made and with which they were coated were also various; shellac eventually became the commonest material. Generally 78s are made of a brittle material which uses a shellac resin (thus their other name is shellac records). During and after World War II when shellac supplies were extremely limited, some 78 rpm records were pressed in vinyl instead of shellac (wax), particularly the six-minute 12" 78 rpm records produced by V-Disc for distribution to US troops in World War II.
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Earliest speeds of rotation varied widely, but by 1910 most records were recorded at about 78 to 80 rpm. In 1925, 78.26 rpm was chosen as a standard for motorized phonographs, because it was suitable for most existing records, and was easily achieved using a standard 3600-rpm motor and 46-tooth gear (78.26 = 3600/46). Thus these records became known as 78s (or "seventy-eights"). This term did not come into use until after World War II when a need developed to distinguish the 78 from other newer disc record formats. Earlier they were just called records, or when there was a need to distinguish them from cylinders, disc records.
Stepping back to 1890, Emile Berliner created a gramophone that could record and play music on flat discs. These records were the next generation of the cylindrical records that Thomas Edison used to first record his voice. At first, the size and the speed of the discs had quite a bit of range. In 1910, 78 RPM started to be considered the standard speed for phonograph records.
Since 78s were typically 10- to 12-inch records, they only had the ability to record about three to five minutes of music per side. This limited the number of songs that could be recorded per side to one or two.
These first records were made out of shellac. This material is created with a natural resin that the female lac bugs leave behind on trees. The resin is combined with alcohol, which dissolves it, and is reformed into shellac. This new material can easily be scratched, which means that cutting the grooves to create music was simple. Shellac also resists moisture, so this new record type was straightforward to store.
Even though the magnetic tape was invented in the 60s, it took almost 20 years for them to catch up to and overtake the sale of records. Vinyl records were often the choice of consumers regardless of whether they were listening to modern or classical music.
Not all turntables are capable of playing 78 records. The turntable needs to be able to spin at the proper speed to create 78 revolutions per minute. There are record players specifically designed to play 78s if that is the only type of record in your collection.
Another issue that you need to worry about when playing a 78 RPM record is the stylus you are using. Since these records were designed to be played on gramophones, the grooves in the records are much larger and thus need a larger needle to play the music. When looking for a record player that plays 78s, 33s, and 45s, get one with a cartridge with a replaceable stylus.
The Sumiko RS 78 will track the grooves as intended and reduce the chance of damaging your record collection. Having the proper cartridge alignment minimizes the amount of downtime when switching between different types of records.
The size is the most notable difference in the performance of 78 shellac records and 33 or 45 vinyl records. The 45s are typically 7 inches, but 78s and 33s can be either 10 or 12 inches. What differences should you be aware of when deciding which record you want to play on your turntable?
As the record labels recorded more popular music, vinyl records became more economical because they hold more music per side. In addition, there was a shellac shortage during World War II that sped up the end of the 78 RPM record era. The last 78 records were produced in 1959.
Even though 78s are no longer made, there are still collectors looking for these types of records. Classic albums with music from artists like Larry Clinton and His Orchestra, Elvis, and Chuck Berry have often been sought after. Since the production of these 78s stopped, there are many limited edition records that people search for. Not even the Victrola craze of the 21st century could weaken the resolve of collectors trying to find 78s to add to their collections.
Records are not a thing of the past. 78s had a reign over the music industry for nearly 50 years. Sales did not decrease until 33s with longer recordings became available. With three record speeds on the market, vinyl records reigned in the industry for another 35 years.
Many audiophiles claim that the audio quality of these vintage records is better than digital audio. Imperfect as they may be, records started to become more popular during the vinyl resurgence of 2008. Since then, sales have continued to grow, and in 2020, the music industry saw record sales reach 27.5 million.
Set up recently in Bombay, the aim of the Society of Indian Record Collectors (SIRC) is to salvage the wealth of recorded music and other material on 78 RPM records from total obscurity.Says Suresh Chandvankar, a Tata Institute of Fundamental Research scientist, who is the secretary of the record collectors' society: "According to a rough estimate, five lakh titles under 75 different recording company labels have been issued in India since the early 1900s. If we can preserve even one lakh titles, it'll be quite an achievement."Not that the entire treasure of records is restricted to film music. It is, in fact, a virtual audio history of India-Hindustani and Carnatic classical music, theatre songs, plays and satires, folk music, religious discourses, poetry, children's stories and songs, speeches by leaders like Mahatma Gandhi and Nehru, and even poems recited by Sarojini Naidu.
In its efforts to preserve gramophone records, the SMC has begun by identifying 250 people around the country with major collections. SIRC President, Narayan Mulani's personal collection itself contains 3,000 records.
In Bombay alone, there are at least 70 serious collectors, including Chandvankar whose 1,000 78 RPMs collection includes several unusual recordings like a Zoroastrian religious discourse under the Young Iran label. Among other well-known collectors is Prabhakar Datar, whose collection of 6,000 records includes an invaluable selection of old Marathi songs. Then there is Mukund Acharya - a tobacco and snuff shop owner - with a 3,000-strong collection of records with old Hindi film songs. Says Acharya: "My interest goes back when I was fascinated with operating the hand-cranked gramophone."Though none of the collectors now play the 78 RPMs on the old gramophones - as its heavy pickup arm and thick needle shorten the life of a record - that doesn't detract from their value. Instead, they use modern four-speed changers in order to reproduce rare recordings.India's best-known record collector is V.A.K. Ranga Rao, a music writer of Madras. His collection of 28,000 78 RPMs contains songs in 50 Indian and foreign languages, besides Hindustani and Carnatic classical music from 1903 to 1974. Says Rao: "I think they contain the history of a country and its culture, at 78 revolutions per minute."
Or to be precise, 78.26 revolutions. The overwhelming number of 78 RPMs were issued in 10 inch diameter size, with each side playing for 3.5 minutes. Then there were the 12 inch "long play" versions lasting up to eight minutes. While the smallest size was five inches, the largest records were 24 inches in diameter and were made only for the All India Radio signature tunes and revolved at 80 RPM.The history of recorded music in India began not long after the invention of the gramophone by the American Emile Berliner in 1888. One of Berliner's associates set up the Gramophone Company in England in 1898. Three years later, the recording company opened a branch in Calcutta, initiating a golden era of 78 RPM gramophone music which lasted till the early '70s.The earliest Indian recordings, like those of Gohar Jan and Janki Bai in 1903, were pressed into discs in Europe, until the Gramophone Company of India set up its Calcutta factory in 1908. Its original label, depicting an angel writing on a disc, was later replaced by the dog listening to a gramophone - a logo which made the His Master's Voice (HMV) label synonymous with the Gramophone Company.So complete was the Gramophone Company's monopoly over the 78 RPM record business that its Dum Dum factory remained the only one in India till the German Polydor Company set up its own unit in Bombay in 1969. Nevertheless, several entrepreneurs attempted to break the HMV stranglehold, producing records which today are a collector's delight.Some independent companies did create quite a stir - Bombay's Broadcast Records, for instance, which lured away some of the major classical vocalists like Sidheshwari Devi, Kesarbai Kerkar and Mallikarjun Mansur from HMV, or T.S. Ramchander's Rama-graph Records which issued nearly 5,000 titles till 1940. All these recording companies were forced to get their records pressed in Germany or Japan, except for a few like Hindustan Records and Megaphone which received HMV backing since they exclusively recorded two major singers - K.L. Saigal and Begum Akhtar.But the biggest challenge to HMV came from the Young India label promoted by film maker V. Shantaram in 1936. Young India's logo expressed the dominant nationalist sentiments prevailing at the time - a tricolour over the map of India. Some of the best Prabhat Film Company music was issued under this label.
Collectors today treasure such old records which form part of the history of record companies - the earliest one-sided discs, cardboard records, plastic postcard records, canary yellow Bulbul label discs, records which play from inside to out, souvenir label records given free with cinema balcony tickets, and the intriguing 'puzzle records', with the listener getting any of three songs by slightly varying the starting point on the disc.Collectors have picked many of these historic records from places like Bombay's Chor Bazaar, which has junk shops specialising in old gramophones and 78 RPM records. 041b061a72